Quali sono le radici commestibili? Stilare un elenco non è semplicissimo, anche perché i tuberi, come ad esempio le patate, e i bulbi, come le cipolle, a livello botanico non sono radici, ma una metamorfosi del fusto. Detto questo, proveremo a fare una lista con le radici commestibili principali, indicandovi anche le relative proprietà benefiche e qualche ricetta appetitosa da provare a casa!
Radici commestibili: elenco
- Bardana
- Carota
- Bietola da orto
- Rapa
- Ravanello
- Sedano-rapa
- Cicoria
- Tarassaco
- Topinambur
- Panace
- Pastinaca
- Daikon
- Rafano
- Zenzero
- Rapunzia
- Piantaggine
Radici commestibili: proprietà
La bardana (o Arctium lappa) è una pianta erbacea appartenente alla famiglia delle Asteraceae, di cui si utilizzano le foglie, il fusto, i semi e le radici. La radice di bardana è lunga e carnosa, esteriormente scura e bianca all’interno. Viene chiamata anche la patata del Medioevo e ha un sapore abbastanza gradevole e ancora oggi in Giappone viene consumata regolarmente. È ricca di tannini e potassio ed è ottima anche sotto forma di decotto. Il topinambur ricorda molto il sapore del carciofo ed è un alimento particolarmente indicato per chi vuole perdere peso e depurarsi. Inoltre, essendo ricco di inulina, se mangiato prima del pranzo e accompagnato da abbondante acqua, dà un senso di sazietà che aiuta a placare l’appetito. È un alimento indicato anche per i diabetici e per chi soffre di colesterolo, in quanto abbassa il livello di assorbimento da parte dell’intestino degli zuccheri e del colesterolo. È preferibile consumare le radici crude, in questo modo, infatti, tutte le sue proprietà nutritive restano intatte. È ottimo per le insalate, ma anche per dei gustosi purè. 100 g di prodotto ha un apporto calorico di 85 kcal.
Il rafano è una pianta originaria dell’Europa sudorientale ed è ricca di Sali minerali (potassio, calcio, ferro e fosforo), vitamina C. Inoltre, favorisce la digestione, la circolazione sanguigna e ha un effetto diuretico. È ottimo per accompagnare le carni alla griglia, il pesce e le uova.
Le radici della cicoria sono utilizzate sia per il consumo fresco, sia per ottenere la polvere che diventa un surrogato del caffè. Le radici di Pastinaca vantano proprietà dietetiche e diuretiche. Hanno un sapore molto gradevole e hanno un valore dietetico simile a quello della patata per il loro contenuto di zuccheri e amidi.
Le radici di rapunzia ricordano il sapore del cavolo e possono essere consumate lesse, in insalata o anche fritte. Hanno un effetto benefico per il tratto digerente e intestinale. Il daikon, conosciuto anche come ravanello bianco o giapponese, è una radice molto popolare dalla forma simile a quella della carota, ma il sapore è molto più forte e piccante. Viene utilizzato soprattutto grattugiato per preparare insalate, ma è ottimo anche per condire le minestre e le zuppe. Favorisce la digestione e aiuta a sciogliere i depositi di grasso, inoltre è ricchissimo di vitamina C. 100 g di radice forniscono solo 22 kcal.
Radici commestibili: ricette
Topinambur trifolati
Ingredienti
- 800 g di topinambur
- 2 spicchi d’aglio
- 200 di brodo vegetale
- 1 limone
- Olio extra vergine d’oliva q.b.
- Sale q.b. pepe q.b.
- 2 cucchiai di prezzemolo tritato
Preparazione
- Strofinate le mani con il succo del limone per non ritrovarvi con i polpastrelli neri.
- Raschiate la buccia dei topinambur con un coltellino e immergeteli in una ciotola di acqua con un po’ di succo di limone.
- Scolateli e sciacquateli, poi tagliateli a fettine sottili con una mandolina.
- Fate imbiondire gli spicchi d’aglio tagliati a pezzettini con 3 cucchiaio di olio.
- Versate i topinambur nella padella e salateli.
- Continuate la cottura con il coperchio per circa 15 minuti, aggiungendo di tanto in tanto un mestolino di brodo vegetale.
- Verso la fine della cottura potete aggiungere il prezzemolo e il pepe.
Salsa al rafano
Ingredienti
- 250 g di radice di rafano
- 8 cucchiai di aceto
- 100 g di pangrattato
- 1 cucchiaio di olio
- 2 cucchiaini di zucchero
Preparazione
- Lavate bene le radici di rafano, asciugatele e raschiate con un coltellino.
- Grattugiate finemente e mettete in una ciotola.
- Aggiungete il pangrattato, l’aceto, l’olio, lo zucchero, un pizzico di sale e mescolate bene per amalgamare tutti gli ingredienti.
Photo Credit| Thinkstock
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