I probiotici riducono le infezioni nei bambini

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Sinusiti, otiti e diarrea sono manifestazioni di malattie infettive come quelle che ogni primavera affliggono i bambini, ma non risparmiano neanche gli adulti. I ricercatori della Scuola di Medicina dell’University of Georgetown, nello Stato di Washington, negli Usa, hanno scoperto che l’assunzione di probiotici per mezzo anche di yogurt riduce il tasso delle più comuni malattie infettive nei bambini delle scuole materne che sono notoriamente vittime di queste patologie.

Il dott. Daniel Merenstein e colleghi hanno condotto uno studio per valutare gli effetti derivanti dall’assunzione di yogurt con probiotici i cui risultati sono stati pubblicati sulla versione online della rivista European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Lo studio randomizzato, in doppio cieco e controllato con placebo è stato denominato DRINK, in italiano Ridurre i Tassi di Malattie Infettive nei Bambini. È stato condotto su 638 bambini sani di età compresa tra i 3 e i 6 anni. Tutti i bambini hanno frequentato la scuola materna per 5 giorni a settimana.

Nello studio sono stati coinvolti i genitori i quali hanno somministrato ai figli uno yogurt al gusto di fragola, ogni giorno. Alcuni yogurt erano stati integrati con un ceppo probiotico, i restanti non erano stati trattati. Né i bambini né i genitori e nemmeno i coordinatori dello studio sapevano quali fossero gli yogurt addizionati del probiotico e quali no. I genitori sono poi stati invitati a tenere un diario giornaliero in cui riportavano il numero degli yogurt assunti e lo stato di salute dei bambini.

Grazie ai dati raccolti è stato stabilito che nei bambini che avevano bevuto lo yogurt con il probiotico vi era stata una diminuzione delle infezioni pari al 19%  rispetto ai bambini che avevano assunto lo yogurt normale. In particolare, i bambini che avevano bevuto lo yogurt addizionato del probiotico mostravano il 24% in meno di infezioni gastrointestinali con manifestazioni di nausea e diarrea e il 18% in meno di infezioni del tratto respiratorio con manifestazioni quali sinusiti, mal di gola e otiti. Come ha commentato il dott. Merenstein,

“Abbiamo studiato un alimento funzionale, non un medicinale. I genitori potranno quindi nutrire i loro figli senza alcun apporto medico”.

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