E’ vero che il betacarotene protegge i fumatori dal rischio di cancro?

betacaroteneIl betacarotene è una sostanza appartenente alla famiglia dei carotenoidi che, insieme all’alfacarotene, forma il carotene, oltre ad essere il precursore della vitamina A. Il betacarotene, che è anche il pigmento naturale che dà il caratteristico colore giallo-arancio agli agenti chimici presenti in diverse piante e verdure, è sicuramente una sostanza che dà diversi benefici all’organismo, ma anche responsabile di alcuni disturbi.

Una volta giunto nell’intestino il betacarotene si trasforma in parte in vitamina A, utile per la salute di occhi e pelle, e un’altra parte immagazzinata; questo pigmento, inoltre, è molto utile per favorire o prolungare l’abbronzatura.

Al betacarotene, inoltre è stata spessa attribuita la proprietà di proteggere dal cancro, in particolar modo coloro che fumano, una caratteristica che però non è stata confermata da studi scientifici. Al betacarotene è stata attribuita la fama di antitumorale per il fatto di essere un buon antiossidante, utile, quindi, per combattere l’azione dannosa dei radicali liberi, capaci di danneggiare cellule e tessuti dell’organismo.

Non solo: i carotenoidi sono particolarmente attivi quando c’è poco ossigeno e, per questo, si pensava che fossero ideali per i fumatori che hanno una tensione di ossigeno molto bassa a livello dei polmoni; di qui al pensiero che il betacarotene potesse proteggere i fumatori dal tumore al polmone, il passo è stato breve, ma assolutamente infondato.

Non serve, quindi, assumere integratori di carotenoidi per proteggersi dal cancro al polmone: l’unico vero modo per prevenirlo è smettere di fumare e avere un’alimentazione sana ed equilibrata a base di frutta e verdura.

Ma non solo: pare che un’integrazione di betacarotene possa essere addirittura dannosa per i fumatori, i meccanismo non sono del tutto chiari ma in attesa di dati più certi, coloro che fumano dovrebbero evitare di assumere integratori di betacarotene e limitarsi a quello contenuto negli alimenti.

Per rispondere, quindi, alla domanda titolo del post “E’ vero che il betacarotene protegge i fumatori dal rischio di cancro?”, la risposta è no: solo smettere di fumare e adottare una dieta e uno stile di vita sano possono aiutare a proteggersi dall’insorgenza di cancro.

 

Photo Credit | Thinkstock

 

 

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141 commenti su “E’ vero che il betacarotene protegge i fumatori dal rischio di cancro?”

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