Colesterolo, quali sono i valori nella norma

colesterolo

Il colesterolo è un tipo di grasso prodotto in parte dall’organismo e in parte dalla dieta; è essenziale per il corretto funzionamento dell’organismo perché forma le membrane delle cellule, è utilizzato per sintetizzare alcuni omoni necessari per la crescita e la riproduzione, e perché forma gli acidi biliari che servono all’assorbimento dei grassi nell’intestino.

Una parte del colesterolo si trova anche nel sangue, ed è collegato con delle proteine chiamate lipoproteine; le lipoproteine ad alta densità trasportano il colesterolo in eccesso dai tessuti al fegato, mentre quelle a bassa densità lo trasportano in periferia, favorendo, così il suo deposito nei tessuti. Il colesterolo alto, cioè la ipercolesterolemia, è la prima causa di malattie delle arterie e del cuore, basti pensare che, secondo alcune statistiche, il 45% degli italiani ha i valori del colesterolo fuori della norma.

I valori del colesterolo sono indicati in mg/100 ml di plasma, ovvero il peso del colesterolo in milligrammi ogni 100 ml di sangue; se si è in buona salute, fino ai 40 anni di età il controllo del colesterolo può essere effettuato ogni due anni, mentre con il passare degli anni deve essere verificato più spesso. Il valore massimo ottimale del colesterolo totale, cioè la colesterolemia, deve essere inferiore a 200 mg/100 ml.

Il colesterolo proviene sia dai cibi e dalle bevande, che da un processo di sintesi al livello di fegato, e questo spiega il fatto per cui molto persone, pur seguendo una dieta equilibrata, hanno il colesterolo alto.

I consigli dietetici per contrastare il colesterolo alto sono piuttosto semplici: cercate di adottare una dieta varia, diminuendo le porzioni ma mangiando più spesso, eliminate il grasso visibile dai cibi, preferite le carni bianche e il pesce a quelle rosse, consumate alimenti ricchi di fibre, usate le spezie per insaporire i piatti al posto del sale, limitate il consumo di dolci e alcolici e scegliete le cotture al vapore e al microonde per la preparazione dei cibi.

 

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315 commenti su “Colesterolo, quali sono i valori nella norma”

    • Ciao Patrizio, non credo che la carne bianca sia dannosa, anzi. I nutrizionisti raccomandano sempre di preferirla a quella rossa. Tu però hai chiesto al tuo medico come puoi cambiare la tua dieta per risolvere il problema?

  1. Pingback: L'alimentazione anti colesterolo | DietaLand
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