Come mantenere i risultati della dieta

Come mantenere risultati dieta

Ammettiamolo, perdere peso, con un po’ di buona volontà e una dieta indovinata, non è poi così difficile, almeno non tanto quanto mantenere i risultati ottenuti. Uno dei fattori che favoriscono la ripresa dei chili persi è proprio la riduzione del metabolismo basale a causa della restrizione calorica della dieta dimagrante. Come fare, allora, per non vanificare gli sforzi?

 

I ricercatori del New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center – Children Hospital di Boston (USA), in uno studio pubblicato da JAMA, si sono posti la stessa domanda. Gli esperti hanno preso in esame un gruppo di 21 giovani adulti che avevano perso dal 10% al 15% del peso con un regime dimagrante standard. Sono stati suddivisi in 3 gruppi e sottoposti a 3 diverse diete di mantenimento, con lo stesso apporto calorico, ma di composizione differente.

La prima, a basso contenuto di grassi, privilegiava il consumo di cereali, ortaggi e frutta, la seconda, a basso indice glicemico sostituiva una parte degli alimenti a base di amido con grassi salutari e legumi, frutta e verdura, la terza,  invece, era a bassissimo contenuto di carboidrati.

Gli studiosi ha rilevato come il metabolismo basale si fosse ridotto notevolmente con la dieta a basso contenuto di grassi, al contrario di quella povera di carboidrati, che dunque sembrava la migliore per non recuperare i chili persi. Tuttavia, gli esperti si sono resi conto che con questo tipo di regime dietetico i livelli di cortisolo (un indicatore dello stress) e i livelli di proteina C reattiva (un indicatore di infiammazione) fossero più elevati.

Si tratta di un aspetto da non trascurare, poiché ha un impatto negativo sulla salute, con il rischio di incorrere in eventi cardiovascolari. Dunque, la dieta migliore per non riprendere i chili persi è quella con la composizione più equilibrata, senza limitazioni eccessive di grassi e carboidrati, e con un buon apporto di fibre vegetali.

Photo Credits|ThinkStock

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