La dieta metabolica

dieta metabolica

La dieta metabolica è stata messa a punto dal medico canadese di origini italiane, Mauro di Pasquale. E’ una dieta che promette un dimagrimento veloce fondato sul “dosaggio” dei carboidrati allo scopo di abituare il corpo a bruciare i grassi. La prima fase prevede quindi, come molte altre diete iperproteiche, una drastica riduzione del consumo di carboidrati a favore di grassi e proteine per almeno 12 giorni, cui seguono due giorni in cui questi nutrienti vengono reintegrati pienamente nell’alimentazione allo scopo di evitare la perdita delle proteine muscolari.

Quindi, dopo le prime quattro settimane di dieta, nelle quali ciascuno dovrà determinare la quantità minima di glucidi che gli occorrono per non incorrere negli inevitabili, spiacevoli effetti collaterali come nausea, cefalea e stanchezza dovuti alla formazione di corpi chetonici, si cominciano ad alternare 5 giorni di scarico e due di carico dei carboidrati (seconda fase della dieta metabolica).

La dieta metabolica non contempla il calcolo delle calorie nè che i cibi vengano pesati. Di fatto la prima fase della dieta rappresenta un periodo di prova nel corso del quale viene raccomandato di non consumare una quantità di carboidrati superiore al 30%, mentre si consumeranno al 50-60% grassi e al 30-50% proteine. Quindi la quota di glucidi che la persona potrà consumare quotidianamente subirà degli aggiustamenti fino a quando non sarà individuata la soglia minima entro la quale non si hanno i suddetti effetti collaterali. In questo primo periodo la fase di carico è caratterizzata dalla seguente ripartizione dei nutrienti: carboidrati 35-55%; proteine 15-30%; grassi 25-40%. Solo una volta stabilita tale quantità si può passare alla seconda fase (5 giorni di scarico e due di carico).

Nonostante la dieta metabolica sia stata presentata dal suo stesso ideatore con slogan sensazionalistici del tipo “é il Santo Graal di tutte le diete”, non manca chi fra gli esperti l’ha criticata severamente e non solo perchè l’apporto giornaliero dei carboidrati consigliato nella prima fase è troppo basso. Sotto accusa gli effetti negativi sulla salute della persona causati anche da un apporto giornaliero eccessivo di grassi e proteine che, a lungo andare, espone al rischio di sviluppare patologie cardiovascolari.

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