Alimentazione intermittente, ovvero i benefici del digiuno

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Che lo chiamiate dieta della luna, eat stop eat, digiuno o alimentazione intermittente la sostanza non cambia, sempre di digiunare si tratta; ma se la sola idea di dire basta ai cibi solidi per almeno 24 ore di fila terrorizza i più, sono molti invece gli esperti che ritengono la pratica del digiuno saltuario un vero e proprio toccasana per l’organismo, a patto naturalmente di godere di ottime condizioni di salute fisica e psichica.

Infatti, osservare almeno un giorno di astensione dai cibi solidi almeno due volte a settimana (secondo quanto previsto dalla pratica del digiuno intermittente o intermittent fasting) permetterebbe all’apparato digerente di riposare stimolando allo stesso tempo la produzione di ormoni che aiutano a bruciare i grassi con le seguenti benefiche conseguenze: aumento del metabolismo, calo della massa grassa (senza danni per la massa magra), calo della pressione arteriosa, aumento della sensibilità del corpo all’insulina e miglioramento dell’assorbimento di glucosio con conseguente calo del rischio di insorgenza di patologie cardiovascolari e diabete, come dimostrato da uno studio condotto presso il Dipartimento di Scienza nutrizionale e tossicologia della  University of California a Berkeley.

A quello appena citato si aggiungono alcuni studi condotti dallo statunitense National Institute on aging i quali hanno osservato, in animali sottoposti ad un regime di digiuno intermittente, una riduzione dell’incidenza di alcune malattie associate all’avanzare dell’età; risultati analoghi sono stati ottenuti da uno studio della Facoltà di medicina dell’ Università di Milano, pubblicato su Science, che ha rilevato come a una riduzione di circa il 30% dell’ apporto calorico giornaliero segua un miglioramento della capacità delle cellule di utilizzare l’energia disponibile e di produrre enzimi che contrastano i radicali liberi, implicati nel processo di degenerazione cellulare.

Tuttavia gli studi citati sono stati condotti su modelli animali e dalla ricerca non sono ancora giunti dati certi circa eventuali effetti benefici del digiuno periodico sull’uomo. Per la stragrande maggioranza dei nutrizionisti rimane ampiamente valida l’indicazione di consumare costantemente almeno tre pasti giornalieri, mentre praticare l’astensione dal cibo anche per brevi periodi resta fortemente sconsigliato alle persone affette da diabete, bambini, anziani e donne in gravidanza.

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