Digiuno prolungato, perché è da evitare?

Digiunare fa male alla salute. In molti scelgono l’astensione dal cibo con la scusa di disintossicarsi, in realtà – soprattutto se prolungato – fa male al fisico ed è una forma di malnutrizione. Che cosa comporta? Immaginiamo una macchina: il cibo è il carburante. L’automobile semplicemente se resta a secco smette di funzionare, per il corpo non è subito così.

digiuno-prolungato

Prima di arrivare all’infarto e alla debolezza più totale, il corpo inizia a utilizzare i suoi tessuti come fonte di energia causando la distruzione degli organi viscerali, ma anche dei muscoli. Sì, si dimagrisce. Il tessuto adiposo si riduce completamente, ma questo non è un bene, perché il grasso nella giusta quantità è fondamentale per la salute dell’organismo (per esempio per la termoregolazione).

Secondo alcuni studi un digiuno prolungato causa danni al fegato, all’intestino, al cuore (riduce il volume), ai reni e anche al sistema nervoso. Per quanto riguarda la cute, è facile che si manifesti secchezza, pallore e soprattutto tende a diventare più sottile. Frequenti sono anche i casi di assenza di acido cloridrico nel succo gastrico, che favorisce anche l’insorgere dell’anemia perniciosa, e di diarrea. Il disturbo endocrino principale è l’atrofia gonadica, così come l’assenza di ciclo nelle donne.

A questo possiamo aggiungere numerosi squilibri ormonali, che possono favorire la caduta dei capelli. Non vengono danneggiate le capacità intellettive ma sono frequenti i casi di apatia e irritabilità. Inoltre, la stanchezza potrebbe limitare moltissimo le capacità di concentrazione. Aggiungiamo un ultimo problema: la perdita della massa grassa causa un aumento dell’acqua extracellulare.

Photo Credits | Shutterstock / Alexander Raths

 

 

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