Snack salati e dolci, perchè non riusciamo a farne a meno?

cibi che danno dipendenza

Perchè quando indulgiamo al consumo di cibi troppo dolci, o troppo salati, sembra poi che non possiamo più farne a meno? Ve lo siete mai chiesto? Bene, a quanto pare questo singolare, per quanto comune, fenomeno accade perchè questo tipo di cibo agisce sul nostro cervello esattamente come una droga, ossia provocando modificazioni chimiche del tutto simili a quelle causate dall’abuso di stupefacenti.

A provarlo è stato uno studio dell’American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, coordinato da Bart Hoebel dell’Università di Princeton, i cui risultati sono stati resi noti già nel 2008. I ricercatori hanno sottoposto delle cavie da laboratorio a un periodo di digiuno al termine del quale hanno somministrato loro dei cibi molto dolci. All’inevitabile abbuffata è seguito un aumento della secrezione di dopammina, un neurotrasmettitore, a livello di una zona del cervello denominata nucleus accumbens; un meccanismo che, come accennato, si verifica anche durante l’abuso di stupefacenti. L’effetto però, spiega Hoebel, si è verificato solo quando il consumo di dolci seguiva a una fase di digiuno.

Esistono quindi cibi che danno dipendenza? Stando ai risultati di questa ricerca, pare proprio di si. D’altra parte già da tempo dolcetti, caramelle, cioccolatini, ma anche pop corn, nachos, patatine fritte in sacchetto, tutti i cibi dal gusto molto intenso e dall’apporto calorico esagerato, sono stati posti sotto accusa dai nutrizionisti poichè in grado di generare un circolo vizioso che nuoce tanto alla linea, quanto alla salute. Basti pensare che tutti i cibi ricchi di zuccheri raffinati inducono un innalzamento dei livelli di glicemia nel sangue, seguito da un suo altrettanto rapido abbassamento da cui deriva un rinnovato bisogno di zucchero da parte dell’organismo.

Ancora più dannosi possono risultare i tipici cibi da fast food, quali hamburger, crocchette e salse da condimento: un concentrato di grassi, sale e zuccheri (contenuti in salse e ripieni) che se assunto con troppa frequenza rischia di trasformarsi in una bomba ad orologeria per il nostro benessere.

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